# Networking-Internet Protocols: Z14IT-Internet Fundamentals
An accessible, online resource for learning the fundamentals of the internet, web design, and networking. This was created for coursework for unit Z14IT 2020 by Joshua Killen Student ID: 9449871
Author: Joshua Killen
Keywords: Internet Fundamentals, Networking, Web Design, University, Coventry, CUC, 2020, CW2

# Internet Protocols

- FTP

  Port: 21
  FTP is the protocol that handles transfering files from one device to another. It operates by considering one device as a server and the other as a client, thereby allowing the client to send and request files from the server
  FTP/S
  Port: 900
  This protocol allows FTP over a secure encryption using SSL.
  SFTP
  This protocol allows FTP over a secure encryption using SSH.

- HTTP

  Port: 80
  HTTP is the protocol that handles the transfer of hypertext between one or multiple systems. It is designed using the client-server principles; allowing a client to make a request after forming a connection with the server, at which point the server responds however it is programmed.
  HTTPS
  Port: 443
  This protocol allows HTTPs over a secure encryption using SSL.

- SMTP

  Ports: 25,465,587
  SMTP is the protocol that handles the task of sending and then distributing E-Mail. It operates by seperating strings of text from the users message with code words that identify the purpose of each string and that the server can interpret. The messages can sometime pass through other devices other than it's destination.

- POP3

  Port: 110
  POP3 is the protocol that handles receiving e-mails that are unsecure. It operates by downloading messages to a local device and then removing it from the e-mail server.

- IMAP4

  Ports: 143, 993
  IMAP4 is the protocol that handles secure e-mail aquisition by accessing a remote server with a local client.

- SSH

  Port: 22
  SSH is the protocol that secures a connection between a client and a server. This operates by creating a tunnel using cryptographic keys between the client and the server. This allows secure communication between the 2 devices.

- Telnet

  Port: 23
  Telnet is a group of rules that systems follow when trying to establish a remote connection. It operates by allowing a two-way CLI connection to the remote device.

- SNMP

  Port: 161
  SNMP is the protocol that handles network monitoring. It operates by communicating with devices that "speak" SNMP using Get-Requests, allowing the user to be able to track any data values specified.

- ARP

  Port: 219
  ARP is the protocol that handles mapping dynamic IP addresses to a physical MAC address. It operates on Layer 2 and Layer 3 by keeping a cache of unique IP address and their equivalent MAC address. If, when a request is made, the requested address is already in the cahce, it is just returned. Otherwise, it translates and finds the equivalent address.